Friday, January 28, 2011

Extended Beliefs: Holy Books,Angels and Qad'r

Apart from what was mentioned in earlier posts, Shia Muslims also believe in Holy Books, Angels, Fate(Qadr) and After life however they have not included them in their Aqeedah. Sidrat al-Muntaha, Seven Heavens, Jannah (heaven) and the Jahannam (hell) also form the eternal part of Shia Belief
1.       HolyBooks (Kitab al-Shareef): The Islamic holy books are the records which most Muslims believe were dictated by Allah to various Islamic prophets. They include:
a.       The Tawrat (Torah) of Musa
b.      The Zabur (commonly the Psalms) of Dawud, According to the Twelver Shia, the original and uncorrupted Zabur is contained in al-Jafr, which is presently in the keeping of Imamah Muhammad al-Mahdi.
c.       The Injil (the original Gospel of Jesus), and
d.      The Qur'an.
2.       Angels (Malāīkah): Shia Muslims believe in all angels mentioned in Quran viz:
a.       Hamalat al-'Arsh, Those who carry the 'Arsh (throne of Allah)
b.      Jibraaiyl/Jibril (Judeo-Christian Gabriel), the angel of revelation, who is said to be the greatest of the angels. Jibraaiyl is the archangel responsible for revealing the Qur'an to Muhammad, verse by verse. Jibrayil is known as the angel who communicates with (all of) the prophets.
c.       Israfil/Israafiyl (Judeo-Christian Raphael), who will blow the trumpet twice at the end of time. According to the Hadith, Israafiyl is the angel responsible for signaling the coming of Qiyamah (Judgment Day) by blowing a horn and sending out a Blast of Truth. The blowing of the trumpet is described in many places in Qur'an. It is said that the first blow will destroy everything, while the second blow will bring all human beings back to life again to meet their Lord.
d.      Mikaaiyl (Judeo-Christian Michael),[5] who provides nourishments for bodies and souls. Mikaaiyl is often depicted as the Archangel of mercy who is responsible for bringing rain and thunder to Earth. He is also responsible for the rewards doled out to good persons in this life.
e.       'Azrael/'Azraaiyl a.k.a Malak al-maut (Judeo-Christian Azrael), the angel of death. He is responsible for parting the soul from the body. He is only referred as malak al-maut, meaning angel of death, in the Qur'an.
f.       The angels of the Seven Heavens.
g.      Hafaza (The Guardian Angel):
                                                              i.      Kiraman Katibin (Honourable Recorders), two of whom are charged with each human being; one writes down good deeds, and the other writes down evil deeds.
                                                            ii.      Mu'aqqibat (The Protectors) who keep people from death until its decreed time and who bring down blessings.
h.      Munkar and Nakir, who question the dead in their graves.
i.        Darda'il (The Journeyers), who travel in the earth searching out assemblies where people remember Allah's name.
j.        The angels charged with each existent thing, maintaining order and warding off corruption. Their number is known only to Allah.
k.      Maalik is the chief of the angels who governs Jahannam (Hell).
l.        Zabaniah are 19 angels who torment sinful persons in hell.
m.    Ridwan is the angel who is responsible for Jannah (Paradise).

3.      Qadr(Fate):  Shi'a also believe in predetermined fate similar to the sense defined by the Sunnis. The Shi'ah believes that an individual is responsible for his action and that he or she has 'free will' to carry out his or her actions. But this free will is not something that excludes Allah's authority. Rather the free will itself is created by Allah. Their faith includes:
                                                              i.      The Decree of Allah that is written in Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuud before the creation of the universe. This destiny written in the preserved tablet is never changed and encompasses everything that will be.
                                                            ii.      Allah made a divine decree after the creation of Adam. Allah took out all of the progeny of Adam (i.e. all of the humans from the beginning of time until the end of time), and asked them "Am I not your Lord?" and all of the humans responded "We testify that You are our Lord!" Then Allah decreed to them who shall go to paradise and who shall go to hell.
                                                          iii.      The Life-time decree. This occurs when a person is in the womb of the mother, specifically 120 days after conception. Allah sends an angel to put a soul into the person, and the angel writes down the decree that Allah has made; his life-span, his sex, his sustenance (how much he will earn throughout his lifetime) and whether he will be a dweller of paradise or a dweller of hell.
                                                          iv.      The yearly decree. This is during the Night of Qadr (Night of Decree) where Allah sends down his decrees from heaven to earth, in it he destines the actions (deeds, sustenance, births, deaths, etc.) of creation for the next year. The word Qadar should not be confused with Qadr; Qadar is destiny, Qadr is that which has been destined, i.e. decree, thus the translation – Night of Decree.
                                                            v.      The Daily Decree. Allah decrees the daily actions of his creation.

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